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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2012)03-0031-06 |
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我国基本药物制度现存的问题及建议 |
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郭塨1，孙振球1，何琼1，许林勇1，肖亚洲2，赵晓华1 |
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（1. 中南大学公共卫生学院，湖南长沙，410078；
2. 湖南省妇幼保健院，湖南长沙，410008） |
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| 摘 要： 我国的基本药物在30余年中得到了稳步发展，在一定程度上满足了人民基本医疗卫生需求，有效改善了患者在基层医疗机构用药的经济可及性,基本药物制度成为我国现阶段医疗卫生体制改革的重点。但是通过国内文献分析我国基本药物的相关政策和使用现状发现，由于基本药物遴选不尽科学、相关政策法律缺失、相关知识欠缺，医疗卫生机构补偿机制不完善等因素制约，导致基本药物生产供应不足、医疗机构储备较低、医生不愿处方和患者不愿选用等基本药物获得性障碍的现象凸显，造成基本药物制度实施面临较大阻力。建议通过科学制定并及时更新基本药物目录，提高基本药物的可获得性，完善医疗机构“零差率”补偿机制等，保障基本药物制度的实施。 |
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| 关键词： 基本药物；基本药物制度；药物遴选；可获得性；补偿机制 |
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The existing problems and countermeasures of implementing the essential drugs system |
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GUO Gong1, SUN Zhenqiu1, HE Qiong1, XU Linyong1, XIAO Yazhou2, ZHAO Xiaohua1 |
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（1. School of Public Health of Central South University, Changsha 410078, China;
2. Office of Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China） |
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| Abstract: The national essential drugs got steady development in more than 3 decades, to a certain extent, which satisfied the people's basic medical health needs, and improved the patients’ ability to pay for drugs in basic medical institutions effectively. Therefore, the essential drugs system becomes a key of the reform of medical system at present our country. Based on the analysis of the essential drugs policies and application through the domestic literature, we foud that as the unscientific selection of essential drugs, there exist the absent relevant policies, the imperfect compensation mechanism of medical and health institutions, and so on, leading to the availability disorders phenomenon of essential drugs highlighted, such as the inadequate production and supply of essential drugs, the low reserves of medical institutions, the doctors not to be willing to prescribe essential drugs, the patient not to be willing to buy essential drugs, and so on, which hindered the implementation of essential drugs system. This study puts forward the related policy suggestions. The authors believe that we can formulate essential drugs catalogue scientificly and update it timely, and improve the availability, and perfect the compensation method of medical institution drugs zero error rate policy in order to guarantee the implementation of essential drugs system. |
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Key words: essential drugs; essential drugs system; selection; availability; compensation method |
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