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| 文章编号：1672-3104(2003)05-0686-05 |
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中国古代文学批评中的“比类”型思维特征 |
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白寅 |
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（中南大学文学院，湖南长沙，410083） |
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| 摘 要： 相对于西方文论而言，中国古代的文学批评有着鲜明的民族个性，其中“比类”型思维特征是其突出的特点之一。这种思维方式主要表现在三个层面上：譬喻形容、连类比较和两极观念下的辩证思考。它有着适合于描述事物内在的那些“只可意会，不可言传”的性质特征和适合于对文学现象和批评对象的宏观把握等诸多优点；当然，它也有着若干不足：缺乏对概念定义的精确描述，不利于构建严密的理论体系，容易导致文本阐释上的牵强附会，等等。对此，我们应该取中西方思维之长，以达到对我国古代文学批评方法论进行创新之目的。 |
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| 关键词： 中国古代文学批评； 比类思维方式； 譬喻形容；连类比较 |
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The method of “comparative” thinking in Chinese classical literary criticism |
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BAI Yin |
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（College of literature, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China） |
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| Abstract: Compared to occidental literary criticism, Chinese classic literary criticism possesses its specific character, in which the method of “comparative” thinking is very important. Three forms mainly reflect this method: images, classification and comparison, and dialectical thinking in the concept of “Yin” and “Yang ”. This method can be adopted for describing the internal natures of something that is difficult to explain in words and for macroscopically grasping the literature phenomenon and the criticism objects. |
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Key words: the method of “comparative” thinking; Chinese classical literary criticism |
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